Historians of womens labor in the United States at first largely disregarded the story of

female. service workers—women earning wages in occupations such as salesclerk. domestie servant ,and office secretary. These historians focused instead on factory work ,primarily becouse it seemed so different from traditional. unpaid "women&39;s work". in the home.and because the underlying economie forces of industrialism were presumed to be gender blind and hence emancipatory(解放的) in efect. Unfortunately. emancipation has been less profound than expected,for not even industrial wage labor has escaped continued sex segregation(隔离) in the workplace. To explain this unfinished tevolution in the status of women. Historiens have recently begun to emphasize the way a prevailing definition of femininity often determines the kinds of work allocated to women.even when such allocation is inappropriate to new conditions.For instance.early textile-mill entrepreneurs,in justilying women&39;s employment in wage labor. made much of the assumption that women were by nature skillful at detailed tasks and patient in carrying out repetitive chores; the mill owners thus imported into the new industrial order hoary stereotypes associated with the homemaking activities they presumed to have been the purview of women. Because women accepted the more unattractive new industrial tasks more readily than did men. such jobs came to be regarded as female jobs.And employers. who assumed that women&39;s "real" aspirations were for marriage and family life.declined to pay women. wages commensurate with those of imen. Thus many lower-skilled , lower-paid.less secute jobs came to be perceived as "female".

Job segregation by sex in the United States was____.

A.justified by early textile mill owners

B.one means’for women to achieve greater job security

C.reluctantly challenged by employers

D.a constant source of labor unrest in the young textile industry

Historians of womens labor focused on factory work as a more promising area of research than service-sector work because factory work_____.A.involved the payment of higher wages

B.required skill in detailed tasks

C.was assumed to be less characterized by sex segregation

D.was more readily accepted by women than by men

It can be inferred trom the passage that early historians of women’s labor in the United States paid little attention to womens employment in the service sector of the economy because______ .A.fewer women found employment in the service sector than in factory work

B.the wages paid to workers in the service sector were much lower than those paid in the industrial sector.

C.womens employment in the service sector tended to be much more short-term than in factory work

D.employment in the service sector seemed to have much in common with the unpaid work associated with homemaking

The early mill owners____.A.hoped that by creating relatively unattractive female jobs they would discourage women from losing interest in marriage and family life

B.sought to keep womens wages low by intereasing the size of the available labor force

C.argued that women were inherently suited to do well in particular kinds of factory work

D.thought that factory work bettered the condition of women by emancipating them from dependence on income earned by men.

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