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A.skeptical
B.contemporary
C.incredible
D.aesthetic
It is those who fail that reap the greatest reward.
They enjoy the freedom to express themselves in unique and original ways without fear of losing the support of fans.
A.P＞P1
B.P=Patm
C.P＞Patm
D.P=P1
The author mentions the well-established nature of the concept of individual rights in the Anglo-Saxon legal and political tradition in order to____.
A.illustrate the influence of individualist feminist thought on more general in tellectual trends in English history
B.argue that feminism was already a part of the larger Anglo,Saxon intellectual tradition,even though this has often gone unnoticed by critics of women semancipation
C.explain the decline in individualist thinking among feminists in non-English-speaking countries
D.help aecount for an increasing shift toward individualist feminism among feminists in English-speaking countries
The author believes that_____.A.the predominance of individualist feminism in English-speaking countries is a historical phenomenon, the causes of which have not yet been investigated
B.the individualist and relational feminist views are irreconciliable given their theoretical differences concerning the foundations of society
C.a consensus concerning the direction of future feminist politics will probably soon emerge, given the awareness among feminists of the need for coopera-tion among women
D.political adversaries of feminism often misuse arguments based on differences between the sexes to argue that the existing social system should be maintained
It can be inferred from the passage that the individualist feminist tradition denies the validity of which of the following statements？A.A division of labor in a social group can result in increased efficiency with regard to the performance of group tasks.
B.A division of labor in a social group causes inequities in the distribution of opportunities and benefits among group members.
C.A division of labor on the basis of gender in a social group is necessitated by the existence of sex-linked biological differences between male and female members of the group.
D.Culturally determined distinctions based on gender in a social group foster the existence of differing attitudes and opinions among group members.
According to the passage,relational feminists and individualist feminists agree that____.A.individual human rights take precedence over most other social claims
B.the gender-based division of labor in society should eliminated
C.laws guaranteeing equal treatment for all citizens regardless of gender should be passed
D.the same educational and economic opportunities should be available to both sexes
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An artist who seeks fame is like a dog chasing his own tail who, when he captures it, does not know what else to do but to continue chasing it. The cruelty of success is that it often leads those who seek such success to participate in their own destruction.
"Don't quit your day job!" is advice frequently given by understandably pessimistic family members and friends to a budding artist who is trying hard to succeed. The conquest of fame is difficult at best, and many end up emotionally if not financially bankrupt. Still, impure motives such as the desire for worshipping fans and praise from peers may spur the artist on. The lure of drowning in fame's imperial glory is not easily resisted.
Those who gain fame most often gain it as a result of exploiting their talent for singing, dancing, painting, or writing, etc. They develop a style that agents market aggressively to hasten popularity, and their ride on the express elevator to the top is a blur. Most would be hard-pressed to tell you how they even got there. Artists cannot remain idle, though. When the performer, painter or writer becomes bored, their work begins to show a lack of continuity in its appeal and it becomes difficult to sustain the attention of the public. After their enthusiasm has dissolved, the public simply moves on to the next flavor of the month. Artists who do attempt to remain current by making even minute changes to their style of writing, dancing or singing, run a significant risk of losing the audience's favor. The public simply discounts styles other than those for which the artist has become famous.
Famous authors' styles—a Tennessee Williams play or a plot by Ernest Hemingway or a poem by Robert Frost or T.S. Eliot—are easily recognizable. The same is true of painters like Monet, Renoir, or Dali and moviemakers like Hitchcock, Fellini, Spielberg, Chen Kaige or Zhang Yimou. Their distinct styles marked a significant change in form from others and gained them fame and fortune. However, they paid for it by giving up the freedom to express themselves with other styles or forms.
Fame's spotlight can be hotter than a tropical jungle—a fraud is quickly exposed, and the pressure of so much attention is too much for most to endure. It takes you out of yourself: You must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. The performer, like the politician, must often please his or her audiences by saying things he or she does not mean or fully believe.
One drop of fame will likely contaminate the entire well of a man's soul, and so an artist who remains true to himself or herself is particularly amazing. You would be hard-pressed to underline many names of those who have not compromised and still succeeded in the fame game. An example, the famous Irish writer Oscar Wilde, known for his uncompromising behavior, both social and sexual, to which the public objected, paid heavily for remaining true to himself. The mother of a young man Oscar was intimate with accused him at a banquet in front of his friends and fans of sexually influencing her son. Extremely angered by her remarks, he sued the young man's mother, asserting that she had damaged his "good" name. He should have hired a better attorney, though. The judge did not second Wilde's call to have the woman pay for damaging his name, and instead fined Wilde. He ended up in jail after refusing to pay, and even worse, was permanently expelled from the wider circle of public favor. When things were at their worst, he found that no one was willing to risk his or her name in his defense. His price for remaining true to himself was to be left alone when he needed his fans the most.
Curiously enough, it is those who fail that reap the greatest reward: freedom! They enjoy the freedom to express themselves in unique and original ways without fear of losing the support of fans. Failed artists may find comfort in knowing that many great artists never found fame until well after they had passed away or in knowing that they did not sell out. They may justify their failure by convincing themselves their genius is too sophisticated for contemporary audiences.
Single-minded artists who continue their quest for fame even after failure might also like to know that failure has motivated some famous people to work even harder to succeed. Thomas Wolfe, the American novelist, had his first novel Look Homeward, Angel rejected 39 times before it was finally published. Beethoven overcame his father, who did not believe that he had any potential as a musician, to become the greatest musician in the world. And Pestalozzi, the famous Swiss educator in the 19th century, failed at every job he ever had until he came upon the idea of teaching children and developing the fundamental theories to produce a new form of education. Thomas Edison was thrown out of school in the fourth grade, because he seemed to his teacher to be quite dull. Unfortunately for most people, however, failure is the end of their struggle, not the beginning.
I say to those who desperately seek fame and fortune: good luck. But alas, you may find that it was not what you wanted. The dog who catches his tail discovers that it is only a tail. The person who achieves success often discovers that it does more harm than good. So instead of trying so hard to achieve success, try to be happy with who you are and what you do. Try to do work that you can be proud of. Maybe you won't be famous in your own lifetime, but you may create better art.
