Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one of life’s essentials. Eating breakfasts at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, is as

194. Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one of life’s essentials. Eating breakfasts at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip. But for many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures are available, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast increased by 33 percent from 8.8 million to 11.7 million—according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America. For those who feel pain of guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect performance,” said Amold Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve performance.” Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults. “The literature,” says one researcher, Dr. Emesto Polite at the University of Texas, “is poor.” [共5题]

(1) The latest year for which figures could be obtained is ________.

(A) the year the author wrote the article

(B) any year between 1977 and 1983

(C) 1977

(D) 1983

(2) For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that ________.

(A) several studies have been done in the past few years

(B) the omission of breakfast does no harm to one’s health

(C) adults have especially made studies in this field

(D) eating little in the morning is good for health

(3) “…, nor does giving people breakfast improve performance” (in Para.3 ) means ________.

(A) anyone without breakfast does improve his performance

(B) not giving people breakfast improves performance

(C) having breakfast does not improve performance, either

(D) people having breakfast do improve their performances, too

(4) The word “literature” in the last sentence refers to ________.

(A) stories, poems, plays, etc.

(B) written works on a particular subject

(C) any printed material

(D) the modern literature of America

(5) What is implied but NOT stated by the author is that ________.

(A) not eating breakfast might affect the health of children

(B) Dr. Polite is engaged in research work at an institution of higher learning

(C) breakfast does not affect performance

(D) Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London